Data Types

The modules described in this chapter provide a variety of specialized data types such as dates and times, fixed-type arrays, heap queues, synchronized queues, and sets.

Python also provides some built-in data types, in particular, dict, list, set and frozenset, and tuple. The str class is used to hold Unicode strings, and the bytes class is used to hold binary data.

The following modules are documented in this chapter:

• datetime — Basic date and time types
  • Available Types
  • timedelta Objects
  • date Objects
  • datetime Objects
  • time Objects
  • tzinfo Objects
  • strftime() Behavior
• calendar — General calendar-related functions
• collections — Container datatypes
  • ABCs - abstract base classes
  • deque objects
    • deque Recipes
  • defaultdict objects
    • defaultdict Examples
  • namedtuple() Factory Function for Tuples with Named Fields
  • UserDict objects
  • UserList objects
  • UserString objects
• heapq — Heap queue algorithm
  • Theory
• bisect — Array bisection algorithm
  • Examples
• array — Efficient arrays of numeric values
• sched — Event scheduler
  • Scheduler Objects
• queue — A synchronized queue class
  • Queue Objects
• weakref — Weak references
  • Weak Reference Objects
  • Example
• types — Names for built-in types
• copy — Shallow and deep copy operations
• pprint — Data pretty printer
  • PrettyPrinter Objects
  • pprint Example
• reprlib — Alternate repr() implementation
  • Repr Objects
  • Subclassing Repr Objects